ICU Sepsis Decision Support System

Making sepsis detection transparent, so clinicians can trust the alerts

Why Sepsis Matters

Sepsis is the third leading cause of death in U.S. hospitals, contributing to at least 350,000 deaths annually. Globally, sepsis accounts for nearly 1 in 5 deaths. One in three patients who die in a hospital had sepsis during their stay.

Early detection saves lives, but existing tools fail to give clinicians the confidence they need to act on alerts.

Sources: WHO, AAMC

The Problem with Current Tools

Trust. Clinicians can't see the underlying data that the model uses to make predictions. Since they are unable to see the full picture, they do not have full confidence in the alerts.

False negatives vs. false positives. Sepsis prediction models are excessively tuned to reduce false negatives as missing a patient with sepsis has much more severe consequences. However, ignoring false positives causes an increased number of alerts and, subsequently, clinicians are overwhelmed leading to less trust in the alerts.

Frustrated clinician - illustrates alarm fatigue

What We Built

A clinician-facing sepsis prediction and decision support system. It shows the data behind every alert—vitals, procedures, and risk trends—so clinicians can see exactly what the model sees and decide whether to act.

Data

Built on MIMIC-IV, a de-identified ICU electronic health record database with 90,000+ patients from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, which includes:

  • Vitals (HR, BP, SpO2, RR, Temp)
  • Procedures & interventions
  • SOFA scores & lab results

Prediction

Predicting sepsis onset in ICU patients using 6-hour sliding windows of clinical data, analyzing trends rather than isolated snapshots.

Product

Three clinician-facing interfaces designed to surface the right information at the right level of detail.

Management View

Shows all ICU patients ranked by sepsis risk. Charge nurses use it to prioritize which patients need attention first.

Patient Detail

Shows vitals, procedures, and risk trends for one patient. Bedside nurses use it to understand what changed and why.

Prediction View

Shows the risk score alongside the features driving it. Clinicians use it to decide whether to trust and act on an alert.

Management view showing unit-wide sepsis risk list

Management View

For charge nurses and unit leads. Displays all ICU patients in a single ranked list by sepsis risk, with a simulation clock that advances hour by hour.

  • Risk-ranked patient list
  • Patient demographics at a glance
  • Hourly simulation clock
Patient detail view with vitals trend and procedure events

Patient Detail View

For bedside nurses and attending physicians. Shows vitals trends, procedure events, and how the sepsis risk score changes over time — everything the model sees.

  • Multi-vital trend charts
  • Procedure event timeline
  • Risk score trajectory
Prediction view with sepsis probability and feature context

Prediction View

For clinicians evaluating an alert. Shows the hourly risk score alongside the specific features driving it, plus similar patients for clinical context.

  • Feature importance breakdown
  • Similar patient comparison
  • Hourly risk trend

Dataflow

How patient data moves through the system every hour

Patient Data

Hourly vitals, labs, and procedures from the ICU

Feature Assembly

6-hour sliding window of clinical data

Model Inference

Random Forest scores features into hourly sepsis risk

Clinician Views

Risk, trends, and context across three views

Database

Features and predictions saved per patient per hour

System Architecture

Built on Django's Model-View-Template pattern — loosely coupled layers that evolve independently

AWS EC2
User
request
response

View

Service Logic

Parse upstream data, manipulate features, make predictions, fetch results, update template

context
HTML

Template

Presentation

Interface

query
data

Model

ORM / Data Layer

Data object management

SQL queries
AWS RDS

PostgreSQL

MIMIC-IV Database

Actual Data

Team

Advisors

  • Dr. John Bell
  • Professor Aaron Boussina
  • Professor Kyle Shannon
  • Dr. Gabriel Wardi

Acknowledgements & References

  1. Evans, L., Rhodes, A., Alhazzani, W., et al. (2021). Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2021. Critical Care Medicine, 49(11), e1063–e1143.
  2. Hollenbeak, C. S., Engberg, R., Engberg, J., & Quartararo, C. (2023). Costs and consequences of the IntelliSep Index: A predictive tool for sepsis in the emergency department. Journal of Medical Economics, 26(1), 1–10.
  3. Johnson, A. E. W., Pollard, T. J., & MIT Laboratory for Computational Physiology. (2025). MIMIC Code Repository. GitHub. https://github.com/MIT-LCP/mimic-code
  4. Zador, Z., Landry, A., Bhimani, R., Bhatt, M., & Bhatt, A. (2019). Multimorbidity states associated with higher mortality rates in organ dysfunction and sepsis: A data-driven analysis in critical care. Critical Care, 23, 247.